Typical Properties and Field Applications
EAT technology was commercialized in 2014 successfully and has been applied in various oil and gas fields in the world. It has been proved to be effective in treatment of carbonate reservoirs with the following conditions:
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Temperature: |
BHST 125‑375°F (51‑190°C) |
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Formation: |
Carbonate formation |
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Treatment fluids: |
HCl, acid fracturing fluids |
Precautions and HSE Considerations
The emulsifier (KMA036) in EAT systems play the most important role in emulsion stability, stimulation effectiveness and operational simplicity. The product can be used at 5 GPT in most field cases compared to 20 to 30 GPT of other emulsifiers used in the industry. This emulsifier yields a very stable emulsion that can be used for the entire application spectrum of carbonate stimulation.
In addition, much less loading of corrosion inhibitor (KMA054) is required for protection of tubulars even at high temperature. Iron reducing agent (KMA003) and iron stabilizer (KMA003BL and KMA033) are also used generally to prevent iron precipitation in the formation. H2S scavenger (KMA009) and H2S scavenger aid (KMA009B) are compatible with other EAT additives.
The laboratory procedures, quality assurance program and guidelines for field mixing and handling of EAT systems are described in EAT fluid manual.